I can think of a lot of metadata that even a plain text file has: creator, size, permissions, last access time, last time change, etc. - some of which probably depend on what OS you are talking about, I would suggest looking at the directory operations and / or file data structures in the system libraries of a particular OS to get a more complete list for each specific OS.
Depending on the use of the file, it may contain some metadata - for example, a script file may indicate the program used to run the script at the top, but in the general case a regular text file doesn’t work, it doesn’t contain metadata.
tvanfosson
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