Your question doesn’t sound like you are looking for a javascript framework and are more like looking for something that will help in the page layout. I use Highway a lot and just started practicing with Batman. I see no reason not to use these libraries / frameworks. I prefer to use lightweight tools and avoid monolithic frameworks.
In my opinion, a solid knowledge of CSS is important if you are creating single page web pages. I completely agree that you should bite a bullet and study it. Using Less, Stylus, or SASS to simplify your CSS is acceptable, but you should still understand the basic CSS that these tools generate. I currently use Stylus personally.
If you want to start your project and learn CSS as you go, there are several projects that you might want to see. This will help you get up and running quickly and reduce the amount of CSS you need to create from scratch.
This is a good starting point for your HTML and includes a solid CSS reset. I personally do not use all reset and configure it only for what I need. There is really no reason not to use HTML5 at this point. Even if you are not using HTML5Boilerplate, still look at using Modernizr and YepNope to discover functions and load polyfill resources.
This project includes all kinds of CSS templates to get many common layout functions that work consistently and attractively. Please note that this will make your application feel “generous”, but of course you can customize it to look different. It uses LESS for easier CSS management. I could develop and convert this into a stylus at some point.
The semantic grid system provides a grid without populating the markup with .grid_x classes. I have not used it yet, but I plan to play with it soon. You might find it helpful to create layouts. He also uses LESS. Again, I can develop and convert to a stylus.
This is a powerful plugin that I use in my application, although it is quite heavy, and I recently considered removing it and using custom CSS / javascript. I created a tabbed interface layout and user theme, and contributed to the Kevin project in the user interface layout project. You may find this helpful. Here is a list of other jquery-based layout solutions .
There are many pattern templates, including underline pattern, jquery patterns, mustache, jade, coffee, etc. I am currently using Jade and have created a tmpl-precompile project with node.js to compile, combine and compress / extinguish jade templates into javascript executable functions that can be passed to the client. the pre -compiled templates are not much larger than the original HTML templates, and they do not need to be compiled on the client. Using these templates with Backbone is as simple as calling a function in the render
method.