Define accepted document types in your plist application; something like that:

Make "yourExtension" what you want the extension to be without a period.
But once you have done this, it's up to you how to load them upon opening. One that includes NSDocument and friends. See how the document-based application works. Here are some Apple documentation on this .
If you want to see it in action, check out the TextEdit source in / Developer / Examples. In addition, if you do not mind migrating the progress made, Xcode has a template for a document-based application (create a new project and select the "Create a document-based application" check box.)
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