You can do time series prediction with neural networks, but it can become quite complicated.
1) The obvious choice is a recurrent neural network (RNN). However, they are really difficult to train, and I would not recommend RNN if you are using neural networks for the first time. Some interesting work has been done recently to facilitate RNN training (for example, optimization without the Hessian), but then again, this is probably not for beginners ;-) In addition, you can try a scheme in which you use a standard neural network ( i.e. not RNN) and try to predict the next data frame from the previous? That might work.
2) This question is too general, there is no definitive correct answer. Yes, you can use uncontrolled function recognition as part of your decision (for example, pre-train your model), but if your ultimate goal is to predict the time series, you will also need to conduct some controlled training.
Good luck
anderso
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