One small clarification: show create table does not actually return what was previously executed. It just shows you the DDL, which will create the table from scratch. Perhaps the table was created and then modified many times, but show create table reflects the current state of the table.
As for finding any alter table statements that have been running in the table recently, the best option is a binary log.
First check if binary logging is enabled:
show variable like 'log_bin';
If so, find the binary log for the appropriate time period, use mysqlbinlog to convert it to SQL, then grep for the corresponding table name to find the alter table statement you are looking for.
Ike walker
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