Does grouping work inside a Perl regex character class?

Question

consider the following code:

perl -wne 'chomp;print if m/[^(?:test)]/' 

I was surprised to see that grouping inside a character class works. How is this different from (?!pattern) ?

Answer 1

 /[^(?:test)]/ 

not grouped in char class. All char listed in [] after ^ will be processed literally, and this will match any string containing char except ( ? : t e s t )