Obtaining all certificates in the chain; both intermediate and indigenous

Question

I am working in Java with Apache HTTPClient and trying to connect to graph.facebook.com. I am getting "SSLPeerUnverifiedException: no peer certificate" errors, so I think Facebook CA is not in the default keystore. So I need to create my own keystore with all the certificates I want to trust, right? Therefore, to obtain the certificate, I found the following command:

echo | openssl s_client -connect graph.facebook.com:443 2>&1 | \ sed -ne '/-BEGIN CERTIFICATE-/,/-END CERTIFICATE-/p' > mycert.pem 

I don’t know what is going on there, but it seems to have worked. I added the certificate to the Bouncy Castle Fortified Storage. I created SSLSocketFactory using the new keystore, but it still does not work.

My first guess was, maybe I do not have all the certificates in the chain (apparently these things are in the chain). So, how do I know if there are so-called “intermediate” CAs? And how can I get these certificates? Am I even on the right track?

Answer 1

Finally, I managed to look into it, and it turned out that it is very simple! I just didn't have the ONE option for the openssl command: the showcerts option. The following is an example of obtaining certificates suitable for connecting to a Facebook file server.

Note. I also found out that to authenticate an SSL connection, you DO NOT want to add the endpoint certificate you are connecting to in the keystore. You only need intermediate and root certification authorities. In some cases, only the root CA, otherwise you will get an exception. See this great blog post for more information.

  $ openssl s_client -connect graph.facebook.com:443 -showcerts CONNECTED(00000003) depth=2 /C=US/O=DigiCert Inc/OU=www.digicert.com/CN=DigiCert High Assurance EV Root CA verify error:num=20:unable to get local issuer certificate verify return:0 --- Certificate chain 0 s:/C=US/ST=California/L=Palo Alto/O=Facebook, Inc./CN=*.facebook.com i:/C=US/O=DigiCert Inc/OU=www.digicert.com/CN=DigiCert High Assurance CA-3 -----BEGIN CERTIFICATE----- MIIFgjCCBGqgAwIBAgIQDKKbZcnESGaLDuEaVk6fQjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQUFADBm MQswCQYDVQQGEwJVUzEVMBMGA1UEChMMRGlnaUNlcnQgSW5jMRkwFwYDVQQLExB3 d3cuZGlnaWNlcnQuY29tMSUwIwYDVQQDExxEaWdpQ2VydCBIaWdoIEFzc3VyYW5j ZSBDQS0zMB4XDTEwMDExMzAwMDAwMFoXDTEzMDQxMTIzNTk1OVowaDELMAkGA1UE BhMCVVMxEzARBgNVBAgTCkNhbGlmb3JuaWExEjAQBgNVBAcTCVBhbG8gQWx0bzEX MBUGA1UEChMORmFjZWJvb2ssIEluYy4xFzAVBgNVBAMUDiouZmFjZWJvb2suY29t MIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4GNADCBiQKBgQC9rzj7QIuLM3sdHu1HcI1VcR3g b5FExKNV646agxSle1aQ/sJev1mh/u91ynwqd2BQmM0brZ1Hc3QrfYyAaiGGgEkp xbhezyfeYhAyO0TKAYxPnm2cTjB5HICzk6xEIwFbA7SBJ2fSyW1CFhYZyo3tIBjj 19VjKyBfpRaPkzLmRwIDAQABo4ICrDCCAqgwHwYDVR0jBBgwFoAUUOpzidsp+xCP nuUBINTeeZlIg/cwHQYDVR0OBBYEFPp+tsFBozkjrHlEnZ9J4cFj2eM0MA4GA1Ud DwEB/wQEAwIFoDAMBgNVHRMBAf8EAjAAMF8GA1UdHwRYMFYwKaAnoCWGI2h0dHA6 Ly9jcmwzLmRpZ2ljZXJ0LmNvbS9jYTMtZmIuY3JsMCmgJ6AlhiNodHRwOi8vY3Js NC5kaWdpY2VydC5jb20vY2EzLWZiLmNybDCCAcYGA1UdIASCAb0wggG5MIIBtQYL YIZIAYb9bAEDAAEwggGkMDoGCCsGAQUFBwIBFi5odHRwOi8vd3d3LmRpZ2ljZXJ0 LmNvbS9zc2wtY3BzLXJlcG9zaXRvcnkuaHRtMIIBZAYIKwYBBQUHAgIwggFWHoIB UgBBAG4AeQAgAHUAcwBlACAAbwBmACAAdABoAGkAcwAgAEMAZQByAHQAaQBmAGkA YwBhAHQAZQAgAGMAbwBuAHMAdABpAHQAdQB0AGUAcwAgAGEAYwBjAGUAcAB0AGEA bgBjAGUAIABvAGYAIAB0AGgAZQAgAEQAaQBnAGkAQwBlAHIAdAAgAEMAUAAvAEMA UABTACAAYQBuAGQAIAB0AGgAZQAgAFIAZQBsAHkAaQBuAGcAIABQAGEAcgB0AHkA IABBAGcAcgBlAGUAbQBlAG4AdAAgAHcAaABpAGMAaAAgAGwAaQBtAGkAdAAgAGwA aQBhAGIAaQBsAGkAdAB5ACAAYQBuAGQAIABhAHIAZQAgAGkAbgBjAG8AcgBwAG8A cgBhAHQAZQBkACAAaABlAHIAZQBpAG4AIABiAHkAIAByAGUAZgBlAHIAZQBuAGMA ZQAuMB0GA1UdJQQWMBQGCCsGAQUFBwMBBggrBgEFBQcDAjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQUF AAOCAQEACOkTIdxMy11+CKrbGNLBSg5xHaTvu/v1wbyn3dO/mf68pPfJnX6ShPYy 4XM4Vk0x4uaFaU4wAGke+nCKGi5dyg0Esg7nemLNKEJaFAJZ9enxZm334lSCeARy wlDtxULGOFRyGIZZPmbV2eNq5xdU/g3IuBEhL722mTpAye9FU/J8Wsnw54/gANyO Gzkewigua8ip8Lbs9Cht399yAfbfhUP1DrAm/xEcnHrzPr3cdCtOyJaM6SRPpRqH ITK5Nc06tat9lXVosSinT3KqydzxBYua9gCFFiR3x3DgZfvXkC6KDdUlDrNcJUub a1BHnLLP4mxTHL6faAXYd05IxNn/IA== -----END CERTIFICATE----- 1 s:/C=US/O=DigiCert Inc/OU=www.digicert.com/CN=DigiCert High Assurance CA-3 i:/C=US/O=DigiCert Inc/OU=www.digicert.com/CN=DigiCert High Assurance EV Root CA -----BEGIN CERTIFICATE----- MIIGVTCCBT2gAwIBAgIQCFH5WYFBRcq94CTiEsnCDjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQUFADBs MQswCQYDVQQGEwJVUzEVMBMGA1UEChMMRGlnaUNlcnQgSW5jMRkwFwYDVQQLExB3 d3cuZGlnaWNlcnQuY29tMSswKQYDVQQDEyJEaWdpQ2VydCBIaWdoIEFzc3VyYW5j ZSBFViBSb290IENBMB4XDTA3MDQwMzAwMDAwMFoXDTIyMDQwMzAwMDAwMFowZjEL MAkGA1UEBhMCVVMxFTATBgNVBAoTDERpZ2lDZXJ0IEluYzEZMBcGA1UECxMQd3d3 LmRpZ2ljZXJ0LmNvbTElMCMGA1UEAxMcRGlnaUNlcnQgSGlnaCBBc3N1cmFuY2Ug Q0EtMzCCASIwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEBBQADggEPADCCAQoCggEBAL9hCikQH17+NDdR CPge+yLtYb4LDXBMUGMmdRW5QYiXtvCgFbsIYOBC6AUpEIc2iihlqO8xB3RtNpcv KEZmBMcqeSZ6mdWOw21PoF6tvD2Rwll7XjZswFPPAAgyPhBkWBATaccM7pxCUQD5 BUTuJM56H+2MEb0SqPMV9Bx6MWkBG6fmXcCabH4JnudSREoQOiPkm7YDr6ictFuf 1EutkozOtREqqjcYjbTCuNhcBoz4/yO9NV7UfD5+gw6RlgWYw7If48hl66l7XaAs zPw82W3tzPpLQ4zJ1LilYRyyQLYoEt+5+F/+07LJ7z20Hkt8HEyZNp496+ynaF4d 32duXvsCAwEAAaOCAvcwggLzMA4GA1UdDwEB/wQEAwIBhjCCAcYGA1UdIASCAb0w ggG5MIIBtQYLYIZIAYb9bAEDAAIwggGkMDoGCCsGAQUFBwIBFi5odHRwOi8vd3d3 LmRpZ2ljZXJ0LmNvbS9zc2wtY3BzLXJlcG9zaXRvcnkuaHRtMIIBZAYIKwYBBQUH AgIwggFWHoIBUgBBAG4AeQAgAHUAcwBlACAAbwBmACAAdABoAGkAcwAgAEMAZQBy AHQAaQBmAGkAYwBhAHQAZQAgAGMAbwBuAHMAdABpAHQAdQB0AGUAcwAgAGEAYwBj AGUAcAB0AGEAbgBjAGUAIABvAGYAIAB0AGgAZQAgAEQAaQBnAGkAQwBlAHIAdAAg AEMAUAAvAEMAUABTACAAYQBuAGQAIAB0AGgAZQAgAFIAZQBsAHkAaQBuAGcAIABQ AGEAcgB0AHkAIABBAGcAcgBlAGUAbQBlAG4AdAAgAHcAaABpAGMAaAAgAGwAaQBt AGkAdAAgAGwAaQBhAGIAaQBsAGkAdAB5ACAAYQBuAGQAIABhAHIAZQAgAGkAbgBj AG8AcgBwAG8AcgBhAHQAZQBkACAAaABlAHIAZQBpAG4AIABiAHkAIAByAGUAZgBl AHIAZQBuAGMAZQAuMA8GA1UdEwEB/wQFMAMBAf8wNAYIKwYBBQUHAQEEKDAmMCQG CCsGAQUFBzABhhhodHRwOi8vb2NzcC5kaWdpY2VydC5jb20wgY8GA1UdHwSBhzCB hDBAoD6gPIY6aHR0cDovL2NybDMuZGlnaWNlcnQuY29tL0RpZ2lDZXJ0SGlnaEFz c3VyYW5jZUVWUm9vdENBLmNybDBAoD6gPIY6aHR0cDovL2NybDQuZGlnaWNlcnQu Y29tL0RpZ2lDZXJ0SGlnaEFzc3VyYW5jZUVWUm9vdENBLmNybDAfBgNVHSMEGDAW gBSxPsNpA/i/RwHUmCYaCALvY2QrwzAdBgNVHQ4EFgQUUOpzidsp+xCPnuUBINTe eZlIg/cwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEFBQADggEBAF1PhPGoiNOjsrycbeUpSXfh59bcqdg1 rslx3OXb3J0kIZCmz7cBHJvUV5eR13UWpRLXuT0uiT05aYrWNTf58SHEW0CtWakv XzoAKUMncQPkvTAyVab+hA4LmzgZLEN8rEO/dTHlIxxFVbdpCJG1z9fVsV7un5Tk 1nq5GMO41lJjHBC6iy9tXcwFOPRWBW3vnuzoYTYMFEuFFFoMg08iXFnLjIpx2vrF EIRYzwfu45DC9fkpx1ojcflZtGQriLCnNseaIGHr+k61rmsb5OPs4tk8QUmoIKRU 9ZKNu8BVIASm2LAXFszj0Mi0PeXZhMbT9m5teMl5Q+h6N/9cNUm/ocU= -----END CERTIFICATE----- 2 s:/C=US/O=DigiCert Inc/OU=www.digicert.com/CN=DigiCert High Assurance EV Root CA i:/C=US/O=Entrust.net/OU=www.entrust.net/CPS incorp. by ref. (limits liab.)/OU=(c) 1999 Entrust.net Limited/CN=Entrust.net Secure Server Certification Authority -----BEGIN CERTIFICATE----- MIIEQjCCA6ugAwIBAgIEQodApTANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQUFADCBwzELMAkGA1UEBhMC VVMxFDASBgNVBAoTC0VudHJ1c3QubmV0MTswOQYDVQQLEzJ3d3cuZW50cnVzdC5u ZXQvQ1BTIGluY29ycC4gYnkgcmVmLiAobGltaXRzIGxpYWIuKTElMCMGA1UECxMc KGMpIDE5OTkgRW50cnVzdC5uZXQgTGltaXRlZDE6MDgGA1UEAxMxRW50cnVzdC5u ZXQgU2VjdXJlIFNlcnZlciBDZXJ0aWZpY2F0aW9uIEF1dGhvcml0eTAeFw0wNjEw MDEwNTAwMDBaFw0xNDA3MjYxODE1MTVaMGwxCzAJBgNVBAYTAlVTMRUwEwYDVQQK EwxEaWdpQ2VydCBJbmMxGTAXBgNVBAsTEHd3dy5kaWdpY2VydC5jb20xKzApBgNV BAMTIkRpZ2lDZXJ0IEhpZ2ggQXNzdXJhbmNlIEVWIFJvb3QgQ0EwggEiMA0GCSqG SIb3DQEBAQUAA4IBDwAwggEKAoIBAQDGzOVz5vvUu+UtLTKm3+WBP8nNJUm2cSrD 1ZQ0Z6IKHLBfaaZAscS3so/QmKSpQVk609yU1jzbdDikSsxNJYL3SqVTEjju80lt cZF+Y7arpl/DpIT4T2JRvvjF7Ns4kuMG5QiRDMQoQVX7y1qJFX5x6DW/TXIJPb46 OFBbdzEbjbPHJEWap6xtABRaBLe6E+tRCphBQSJOZWGHgUFQpnlcid4ZSlfVLuZd HFMsfpjNGgYWpGhz0DQEE1yhcdNafFXbXmThN4cwVgTlEbQpgBLxeTmIogIRfCdm t4i3ePLKCqg4qwpkwr9mXZWEwaElHoddGlALIBLMQbtuC1E4uEvLAgMBAAGjggET MIIBDzASBgNVHRMBAf8ECDAGAQH/AgEBMCcGA1UdJQQgMB4GCCsGAQUFBwMBBggr BgEFBQcDAgYIKwYBBQUHAwQwMwYIKwYBBQUHAQEEJzAlMCMGCCsGAQUFBzABhhdo dHRwOi8vb2NzcC5lbnRydXN0Lm5ldDAzBgNVHR8ELDAqMCigJqAkhiJodHRwOi8v Y3JsLmVudHJ1c3QubmV0L3NlcnZlcjEuY3JsMB0GA1UdDgQWBBSxPsNpA/i/RwHU mCYaCALvY2QrwzALBgNVHQ8EBAMCAQYwHwYDVR0jBBgwFoAU8BdiE1U9s/8KAGv7 UISX8+1i0BowGQYJKoZIhvZ9B0EABAwwChsEVjcuMQMCAIEwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEF BQADgYEASA4rbyBiTCiToyQ9WKshz4D4mpeQaiLtWnxHNpnneYR1qySPkgrVYQSu w2pcsszZ5ESHb9uPOGL3RDadurxuB8TUjegf0Qtgo7WczmO+7Wfc+Lrebskly1u1 nXZwC99CcvhPQRFkpdLq/NWvEfQVOGecIKhLd1qRMkIy54Wz3zY= -----END CERTIFICATE----- --- Server certificate subject=/C=US/ST=California/L=Palo Alto/O=Facebook, Inc./CN=*.facebook.com issuer=/C=US/O=DigiCert Inc/OU=www.digicert.com/CN=DigiCert High Assurance CA-3 --- No client certificate CA names sent --- SSL handshake has read 4285 bytes and written 309 bytes --- New, TLSv1/SSLv3, Cipher is RC4-MD5 Server public key is 1024 bit Compression: NONE Expansion: NONE SSL-Session: Protocol : TLSv1 Cipher : RC4-MD5 Session-ID: A2AD56513E9EB36D5E4EC193977882BEEC5EC64D07D8E4310C562CC3A4571913 Session-ID-ctx: Master-Key: 3AC56DD593C864A17D00B08CEFEDB299607491C5E2ABAFE14E2AABADDC8A734B888CC6389BDBE40782EA5ED6E3EAFE4A Key-Arg : None Start Time: 1300747299 Timeout : 300 (sec) Verify return code: 0 (ok) --- 

Answer 2

There are several options for obtaining an SSL certificate certificate chain with HttpClient 4.1

(1) TrustStrategy # isTrusted () can be used to check the certificate chains provided by the remote server during the establishment of ssl communication when establishing a secure connection.

(2) HttpRoutedConnection # getSSLSession () can be used to get a link to the details of an established SSL session, which, among many things, should contain the complete certificate chains of the remote server.

Answer 3

The SSL certificate chain converter downloads all intermediate certificates for the certificate and combines them with this certificate.