Confirmed: this will not work. You must upgrade TFS 2010 to 2012. I got an error trying to install the 2012 build service against TFS 2010:
"Register is not supported for Team Foundation Server [my server] because the server is incompatible."
After updating TFS 2010 to 2012, he set a fine. Please note that updating TFS 2010 to 2012 means backing up the database, uninstalling 2010, installing 2012, and then selecting “Upgrade” from the Configuration Center.
source share