Although not from the chrome extension, I created something similar that could work with the terminal. I ended up bypassing the development and created my own token authentication, which will allow users to access only one controller action #, which I need. This way you can minimize damage if the marker is stolen.
One way or another, I would allow users to create (and regenerate) tokens in the rails application interface and make it so that the extension requests a token on first launch. I would save the token itself in localStorage.
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