If you switch to the visual studio type script project, you can properly debug the ts files. I think the problem is in the app.js.map generation file, here is a sample from the visual studio app.js.map
{"version": 3, "file": "app.js", "sourceRoot": "," sources ": [" app.ts "]," names ": [" HelloWorld "," HelloWorld.constructor "] , "display": "AAAA; IACIA, oBAAmBA, OAAcA; QAAdC, YAAOA, GAAPA, OAAOA, CAAOA; IAEjCA, CAACA; IACLD, iBAACA; AAADA, CAACA, AAJD, IAIC; AAED, IAAI, Kaak, The Hague, IAAI, UAAU, DVK, kBAAkB, DVK, ; AAC / C, OAAO, DCK, The Hague, DCK, Kaak, DCK, OAAO, DVK, Far-Eastern Military Complex "}
vs visual studio code app.js.map
{"version": 3, "file": "app.js", "sourceRoot": "," sources ": [" .. /app.ts "]," names ": []," display ":" AACA; IACI, oBAAmB, OAAc; QAAd, YAAO, GAAP, OAAO, CAAO; IAEjC, DCK; IACL, iBAAC; AAAD, DVK, AAJD, IAIC; AACD, IAAI, Kaak, GAAC, IAAI, UAAU, DZVK, AAAA, DVK, DZVK; AACxC, OAAO, DVK, The Hague, DVK, Kaak, DVK, OAAO, DVK, ; AAC3B, OAAO, DVK, The Hague, DVK, OAAO, DVK, "}
try replacing it and try again, do not forget to consider the hierarchy of source directories