Although setting up Device Testing properly is pretty much a mess and time on Xcode (thanks to the very clear messages you get, as it turned out), in your case, I think the problem is your approach.
If you have several static libraries linked from several projects, tests for static libraries should not be run from projects that link to them. Each library should be self-contained and pack its own tests, and they should be run whenever you change something in that particular library.
The idea is that you should only test your own code. If you link an external static library, the author of the library is responsible for the proper unit testing of this part. The fact that you are also the author of an external library should not affect this.
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