Poor documentation of callback parameters is something that, for some reason, has plagued many node.js libraries. But the MongoDB update command (regardless of the driver) does not provide access to the updated document, so you can be sure that it was not included in the callback.
If you want to update the document, you can use one of the findAndModify methods, for example findOneAndUpdate :
MyModel.findOneAndUpdate({_id: 1}, {$inc: {count: 1}}, {new: true}, function (err, doc) {
Starting with Mongoose 4.0, you need to provide the {new: true} option in the call to get the updated document, since the default is false , which returns the original.
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